12 VDC to 5 VDC Step Down Converter/Voltage Reducer

TRIAC
Triode alternating current (TRIAC) dimmers work by varying the input power of compatible power supplies or drivers thus reducing the output power coming from the power supply or driver. TRIAC dimmers are used with drivers and power supplies that use 120 VAC input and are a common type of household dimmers.

Pulse-Width Modulation
Pulse-width modulation (PWM) dimming adjusts the output current of compatible drivers and power supplies based on adjustments to duty cycle. As the duty cycle increases or decreases, current will increase or decrease, and the LEDs will be brighter or dimmer respectively.

0–10 V and 1–10 V
0–10 V and 1–10 V dimming work similarly and are very common dimming types on high voltage drivers and power supplies (such as 100–277 VAC, 120–277 VAC, and 277–480 VAC). These types of dimmers adjust a dimming signal that in turn adjusts the driver or power supply output accordingly, so each 1 V adjustment changes the output of the driver or power supply by about 9 to 10 percent. 1–10 V systems can dim as low as about 10 percent of full brightness, while 0–10 V can dim down to between 10 and 0.1 percent of full brightness depending on the driver or power supply. It should be noted that a 0–10 V dimmer does not replace an on/off switch, which is still usually required to turn the light off completely.

Sign modules require a 12V DC constant voltage input. To reduce the effects of voltage drop and the resulting uneven illumination across a run, some products have constant current technology onboard each module. Input voltage to these modules can be increased by nearly 10% with an adjustable output power supply, eliminating any drop in brightness at the end of longer runs.

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